Fala Dam

Palace of Holyroodhouse

Holyrood · 14 miles

A royal residence at the foot of Edinburgh’s Royal Mile, opposite the city’s iconic castle, serves as the official Scottish home of the United Kingdom monarch. The palace borders the historic Holyrood Abbey and its grounds lie within Holyrood Park, offering visitors access to the State Apartments, the 16th-century chambers once used by Mary, Queen of Scots, and the King’s Gallery, which since 2002 displays works from the Royal Collection. Opening times are published on the palace’s listing, and the site remains a venue for state occasions, official entertaining and, each summer, a week of residence by the reigning monarch. The complex originated alongside the abbey founded in 1128 by King David I, a site that hosted medieval parliaments and the 1328 Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton. A Gothic palace was erected by James IV between 1501 and 1505, forming a quadrangle that included a chapel, great hall and royal apartments. James V’s additions from 1528 to 1536 introduced the surviving tower that now bears his name. The building suffered damage during the English assaults of the 1540s, after which Mary of Guise oversaw repairs. Following the Reformation, the abbey fell into partial ruin while the palace continued as a royal dwelling. Today, the historic apartments and state rooms are open to the public except when members of the royal family are in residence, and the palace also hosts the Lord High Commissioner during the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.

Calton Hill

Greenside · 14 miles

Offering extensive panoramas of Edinburgh, Calton Hill stands just beyond the east end of Princes Street and forms part of the city’s UNESCO World Heritage area. The elevated ground hosts a collection of prominent structures, including the National Monument, the Nelson and Dugald Stewart monuments, the former Royal High School, and memorials to Robert Burns, the Political Martyrs and other historic figures. The southern slope accommodates St Andrew’s House, the headquarters of the Scottish Government, while the Scottish Parliament Building and Holyrood Palace lie close to the hill’s base. The site is identified on OpenStreetMap as a park, with Greenside recorded as the nearest settlement. The hill’s name appears in a 1456 charter as “Cragingalt”, suggesting an origin linked to a crag or a small wood. Archaeological hints point to a possible prehistoric hill-fort and historic quarrying activity on the eastern side. In the mid-15th century James II granted the surrounding low ground for tournaments and archery practice, and the area later served as an open-air theatre venue. A Carmelite monastery was established at Greenside in 1518, later converted into a leper hospital after the Reformation. Ownership passed from the Logan family to the Elphinstone barony, and the western portion was sold to Edinburgh in 1725, with the eastern side retained by Heriot’s Trust. Calton remained a burgh of barony until its formal incorporation into the city under the 1856 Municipality Extension Act.

Cramond Roman Fort and Civil Settlement

Cramond · 19 miles

Evidence of Roman activity survives at the mouth of the River Almond where it joins the Forth, close to the village of Cramond in Edinburgh. The archaeological site, dating from around AD 140, comprises the remains of a fort and an adjoining civilian settlement that together illustrate the northern frontier of the Roman Empire. Visible outlines of the headquarters, granaries and a workshop are marked on the open parkland, with information panels explaining the layout and the discoveries made over the past five decades. Among the artefacts displayed nearby are a stone altar dedicated to the Matres Alatervae, a centurial stone of Legio II Augusta, an altar to Jupiter Optimus Maximus, and a silver sword pendant indicating the presence of a senior officer. The most celebrated find, the Cramond Lioness—a white-sandstone sculpture of a lioness devouring a male figure—was recovered from the river in 1997. The fort was initially occupied from about AD 140 until roughly AD 170, when Roman forces withdrew to Hadrian’s Wall, and it was later enlarged during the Severan campaign of AD 208-214. Subsequent evidence suggests continued native use into the fifth century and earlier Mesolithic activity on the same ground. Although parts of the complex lie beneath later village buildings and are revealed only during development work, the outlined sections remain accessible to the public. No permanent visitor centre or museum has yet opened, but plans announced since 2000 envision a facility to exhibit the collected artefacts, including the Lioness. Access is via the Cramond village area; no admission fee or specific opening times are recorded for the open-air remains.

College War Memorial

Merchiston · 14 miles

Queen Victoria

Leith · 14 miles

Heart Of Midlothian War Memorial

Haymarket · 14 miles